Eagle74 -
You are correct to consult the G2SS. That publication is the one that sets out the guidelines for leaders to follow. Unfortunately, also, you are correct in reading that a BSA Lifeguard IS NOT required for any UNIT Aquatics activity. I say unfortunately because a few years ago when the BSA decided to change that rule, it meant that ANY adult who had sat through the one hour Safe Swim Defense or Safety Afloat class was "qualified" to lead his/her unit in ANY aquatics activity.(!!!!) The adult must also "be proficient" (my words here)for the type of activity. As for the "strong swimmers" - they do not even have to be adults!!!
To answer your questions:
1. As far as I know (which is by no means complete knowledge)a Lifeguard is the person certified and trained in ALL aspects of water safety. This means everything from cleaning the pool, pre-surveying the swim areas, and programs all the way to the actual rescue techniques. Most Lifeguard classes are AT LEAST 30 hours long. A Lifesaver is a person who has received "some" basic water safety training (as in the case of the aforementioned adult). Not much of a comparison as far as I am concerned. I would imagine that your training certainly qualifies you as at least a Lifesaver (LOL) especially if you're the one to save MY butt!! BTW, who is YOUR certifying agency??
2. The recognized agencies are the Red Cross and the BSA. I believe that BSA National used to recognize a YMCA Lifeguard, but now almost all YMCA's use Red Cross, so there are hardly any YMCA Lifeguards left. The BSA National Safety (?) Committee is the group that decides. They are in a process now of combining the Red Cross and BSA programs; all councils were sent information about this in June.
3. No - You are reading the information correctly - including the between-the-lines information.
My own opinions here: The tradition that most of us here in FL follow is that WHEN leaders and Lifeguards follow the BSA rules for Aquatics, you don't have accidents. It's only when you have a case where someone decides that they know better or just gets lazy and DOES NOT follow the rules, that we have accidents. When this change of rules came out a few years ago, most councils adopted it without even blinking. My council, THANK GOD, did not. They chose to keep a certified Lifeguard and I have yet to meet anyone who doesn't agree.
Sorry this was so long, but this is a complicated area and many, many adults do not have the correct information, nor are there many people in (most) councils who can accurately answer.
Good Luck!
Charles